摘要：刑事再審應平等保護被告和被害方合法權利。因司法公信力差異，我國若效仿法治發達國家僅為被告利益再審，就會阻礙被害方的正義訴求，降低司法公信力，削弱人們的法治觀念，誘發違法犯罪。是否提起再審，再審是否加刑，只能以法律正義的實現程度之社會效益是否最大為標準，不能以是否有利被告為標準。從根本上解決我國再審煩費之難，就應吸取美國過分偏重被告利益的教訓，借鑒英、日的經驗，大力提高一審質量，加強被害方利益保護。%The lawful rights of both the parties of a criminal victim and the defendant should be protected without discrimination in criminal procedure .Therefore , this paper argues that , whether instituted or not, a criminal retrial procedure should be determined on legal justice rather than on a defendant ’ s benefit;otherwise , the benefits of the party of a criminal victim , the authority of law as well as people ’ s belief in justice may be damaged and thus crimes would be induced and difficult to prevent .This paper suggests that , in order to solve the retrial problem fundamentally , China should draw a lesson from America and try to improve the first trial and better protect the benefits of the party of a criminal .
摘要：放棄繼承權，是指繼承人于繼承開始后、遺產分割前所作出的放棄繼承被繼承人遺產權利的意思表示。我國現有繼承法對放棄繼承權的有關規定過于抽象和原則，實務中缺乏可操作性。為完善我國放棄繼承制度，本文探討了放棄繼承的溯及效力、附條件或附期限放棄繼承權的效力、繼承人放棄繼承后應繼份額的處理及放棄繼承權撤銷的效力，分析了我國現行放棄繼承制度存在的缺陷，從立法體例和內容上提出了完善我國放棄繼承權制度的立法建議。%Renunciation of Succession means the heritor gives up inheriting the heritage rights after the opening and before the segmentation of the inheritance .China ’ s current provisions concerning renunciation of the law of succession are abstract and too principle in practice maneuverability .Therefore , this paper proposes to improve the legislative style and content of the system of renunciation of succession by first discussing the retroactivity, condition and period of validity of renunciation , the procession of the renunciated share and the revocation validity , and then analyzing the defects of the current system of inheritance renunciation .
